Aiming at the problems that the Sparrow Search algorithm (SSA) is prone to fall into local extreme points in the early stage and has low optimization accuracy in the later stage, an adaptive step-size ...

Optimal Power Flow (OPF) is a critical challenge in electrical engineering, necessitating efficient and resilient optimization techniques for successful power distribution management. This study ...

Determining the least expensive path for a new subway line underneath a metropolis like New York City is a colossal planning challenge—involving thousands of potential routes through hundreds of city ...