THE numerous books on the diffraction of X-rays by crystals all treat the subject with the view of introducing the reader to the methods for determining crystal structures. It is true that some ...

X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a powerful non-destructive analytical technique used to evaluate crystalline materials and determine their structural properties. As one of the most widely used ...

X-ray crystallography is a powerful non-destructive technique for determining the molecular structure of a crystal. X-ray crystallography uses the principles of X-ray diffraction to analyze the sample ...

Particle size analysis is crucial to quality control and product development in a number of key industries including aerosols, construction, food and beverage, paint and coatings, and pharmaceuticals.

XRD works by directing X-rays onto a crystalline material and analyzing the angles and intensities of the diffracted beams. The atomic planes within the crystal act as a three-dimensional grating, ...