Electrical engineers will recognize the Bode plot as a plot of the frequency response of a system. It displays the frequency on the x-axis and the phase (in degrees) or magnitude (in dB) on the y-axis ...

A frequency response analyzer (‘FRA’) is often used to measure gain and phase plots of control loops (Bode plots), filter responses and general frequency domain transfer functions. The FRA generally ...

In a previous article (“Circuit Dynamics for Design”), we reviewed some of the mathematical properties of transfer functions in the s-domain and how generally to find the open-circuit time constants ...