Ganji M et al., and Fudenberg G et al., postulated that the SMC family of ATPases, such as condensin and cohesion, extrude DNA into large loops. Energy from ATP hydrolysis helps the SMC proteins to ...

CTCF is widely recognized for its essential role in mediating chromatin loops to regulate gene expression, particularly by modulating enhancer-promoter (EP) interactions. However, acute depletion of ...

A DNA molecule is about two meters long and still has to be packed into a tiny cell nucleus. A cell nucleus is about the size of a toner particle from a printer or a fine dust particle. How does it ...

Biology is never as straightforward as we learned in high school. Take sex-linked chromosomes as an example: we’re taught that biological males get XY chromosomes while biological females get two ...

DNA loop extrusion is a method used to analyze how DNA is compacted into the nucleus whilst bringing regulatory elements close to protein coding genes. DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the genetic ...