Gallium nitride (GaN)-based high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) are a type of field-effect transistors (FETs) designed to operate at very high frequencies with low noise. As such, they have ...

Mars just gave up one of its oldest secrets — and it took a decade, a spacecraft, and a cosmic cannonball to catch it in the act. For the first time, NASA’s MAVEN mission has directly observed a ...

Thin films play a crucial role in the fabrication of several components and devices, such as protective coatings, integrated circuits, solar cells, and optical ...

A collaborative team has developed a new way to create magnetic optical materials, one that removes a long-standing design ...

This video shows SemicoreEquipment's sputtering manufacturing process. This process starts when a substrate to be coated is placed in a vacuum chamber containing an inert gas. The negative charge is ...

Sputtering targets are the source materials for the preparation of sputtered thin films. In particular, high-purity sputtering targets are used in the physical vapor deposition (PVD) process for the ...

The confocal sputtering technique involves the arrangement of magnetrons inside a vacuum chamber so that it is possible to apply multiple materials onto the substrate without breaking vacuum. This ...

The word “sputtering” may evoke images of a car engine choking before it fails, but in the high-tech world of advanced coatings, it's a high-speed, high-volume process where superfast ions hit a metal ...

High power magnetron sputtering techniques have become essential tools in the deposition of advanced thin films. By utilising high power pulses, these methods generate highly ionised plasmas that ...

Mars changed from a blue world with water to a red desert because its atmosphere escaped into space over billions of years.