High levels of thyroid antibodies indicate an autoimmune condition affecting the thyroid gland. Thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAbs) and thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAbs) may signal autoimmune ...

Thyroid blood tests help figure out how well your thyroid gland is working. TSH helps the thyroid gland know when to make ...

Medically reviewed by Kelly Wood, MD Key Takeaways Hyperthyroidism is when the thyroid makes too much hormone, affecting ...

Primary hyperthyroidism occurs due to issues within the thyroid gland. Secondary hyperthyroidism is due to the pituitary gland overstimulating the thyroid. To diagnose the type of hyperthyroidism, ...

In rare cases, hyperthyroidism may lead to congestive heart failure. This is because, in people with hyperthyroidism, the thyroid gland overproduces thyroid hormones, which can affect how the heart ...

Thyroid disorders affect nearly a quarter of individuals ≥ 65 years, and their prevalence in this group is expected to rise as the population progressively ages and people live longer. These ...

Please provide your email address to receive an email when new articles are posted on . Researchers created thyroid function reference ranges adjusted for age, sex and racial-ethnic background. Using ...

Accurately diagnosing thyroid function is critical to avoid harms of unnecessary treatment. This study found that age-, sex-, and race-specific reference intervals reclassified nearly half of patients ...