When OpenAI launched ChatGPT-5 in August of last year, many academics scoffed at the tech company’s claims its new artificial intelligence (AI) model possessed “PhD-level” intelligence. After all, how ...

A large amount of time and resources have been invested in making Python the most suitable first programming language for those getting started with data science. Along with the simplicity ...

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

A developer’s AI-assisted server migration has gone badly wrong, taking down two websites and deleting all backups in the process. It started as a routine infrastructure move. It ended with a frantic ...

Decision-making inherently involves cause–effect relationships that introduce causal challenges. We argue that reliable algorithms for decision-making need to build upon causal reasoning. Addressing ...