The scapula has its own set of joint actions: The shoulder girdle has a set of joint actions specific to motion of the scapula. Although this may seem like just another set of confusing terms to ...

2 Department of Physical Therapy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA 3 Department of Physical Therapy, Arcadia University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA 4 Department of Physical ...

Correspondence to Aaron Sciascia, Shoulder Center of Kentucky, 700 BobO-Link, Lexington, KY 40504, USA; ascia{at}lexclin.com The scapula serves many roles in order for proper shoulder function to ...

Here are a few fitness terms you might hear at a gym, in a fitness video, or from a physiotherapist: protraction, retraction, elevation, and depression. Add to this the upward rotation, and a downward ...