Bronchoscopy is a procedure that allows the doctor to examine the airways using a bronchoscope (a thin flexible tube with a video camera attached to its end). ​Why do I need this procedure? The lungs can be affected by many disorders such as infections and cancer. This test has been recommended to assist your doctor in finding out the cause of your lung condition. Washings from lung segments, or a biopsy may be necessary. Common reasons for a Bronchoscopy are to evaluate infection, lung opacity